Rubber Sheet & Isosurfaces

Rubber Sheet - like a heat map, but used to map four or more dimensions, through the use of a colored, three dimensional surface.

Isosurfaces - maps of data that resemble topographic maps.

2D Isolines represent a constant value on a graph or chart

Temperature

Elevation

Isosurfaces use the same concept by applying a data set in the third dimension

Displaying a constant in the 3rd dimension using color

E.G. Value of constant pressure in varying conditions

3D EEG

A bad example:

Postcards From Google Earth

Input is usually a physical property (elevation, density) overlaid on a 2D map of an object (the planet, a molecule)